Short OO vs long OO

look vs Luke: hear and say the difference

look and Luke are identical except for one sound: look has the short oo, /ʊ/, and Luke has the long oo, /uː/. Long OO pushes the lips forward into a tight ring and holds it; short OO keeps the rounding loose and lets go almost immediately.

Listen

The two words

look

/lʊk/

the short oo

Luke

/luːk/

the long oo
Articulation

The difference

What actually changes

Long OO pushes the lips forward into a tight ring and holds it; short OO keeps the rounding loose and lets go almost immediately.

look — /ʊ/

In the mouth
Lips
Loosely rounded — nothing like the tight ring of long OO.
Tongue
Back, high but relaxed.
Jaw
Nearly closed.
Tongue and lips

Luke — //

In the mouth
Lips
Pushed forward and tightly rounded into a small ring.
Tongue
Back and high.
Jaw
Nearly closed.
Tongue and lips
In context

Each word in a sentence

  • look

    Take a look at this photo.

  • Luke

    Luke arrived before the others.

Who merges this

Why this pair is hard

Spanish, Italian, French, Mandarin, Russian and Turkish have one tense u, so 'full' and 'fool' merge. Japanese u is unrounded, so both sides can sound thin. Hindi, Urdu, Arabic and German have a short lax u, which makes this one of their easier contrasts.

Questions

Straight answers

What is the difference between "look" and "Luke"?

One sound. look is /lʊk/ and Luke is /luːk/ — everything else in the two words is identical, so that single contrast carries the whole meaning. Long OO pushes the lips forward into a tight ring and holds it; short OO keeps the rounding loose and lets go almost immediately.

Why do I say "look" and "Luke" the same way?

Spanish, Italian, French, Mandarin, Russian and Turkish have one tense u, so 'full' and 'fool' merge. Japanese u is unrounded, so both sides can sound thin. Hindi, Urdu, Arabic and German have a short lax u, which makes this one of their easier contrasts.

Should I train my ear or my mouth first?

Your ear. If you cannot reliably hear which word was said, your mouth has no target to aim at, and drilling produces a sound you cannot check. Run the listening test on this page until you are scoring four or five out of five, then record the pair.

Practise this word

Say "look" and "Luke" and see which one you said

One take covers both words: reference mode aligns each sound against its target, so the contrast comes back scored on both sides. Free, private, in your browser.