The 44 sounds of English

How to pronounce the URE sound /ʊə/

/ʊə/ is a diphthong — a vowel that glides, moving high back to central (glide). Start on the short OO of 'book', lips loosely rounded. Let the tongue glide forward to the middle into a schwa.

  • Free
  • No card
  • Scored in your browser
Articulation

How to make it

  1. 1Start on the short OO of 'book', lips loosely rounded.
  2. 2Let the tongue glide forward to the middle into a schwa.
  3. 3Unround the lips as you go.
  4. 4This is the rarest English vowel, and many speakers now replace it with the 'aw' of 'thought' — 'sure' and 'shore' can be the same word.
In the mouth
Lips
Start loosely rounded, then relax.
Tongue
Starts high and back, glides forward to the centre.
Jaw
Nearly closed, opening slightly.
Tongue and lips

Feel it

Put a hand flat on your throat and say the sound. It should buzz under your fingers from the very start — if the buzz only arrives with the vowel, you are making the voiceless version.
In real words

Where the sound appears

In the middle
At the end
In a sentence

Keeping it through a whole line

  • The tour of the rural estate was pure luxury.

  • I am not sure the cure worked during January.

Hear the difference

Minimal pairs to drill

Each of these is two words separated by exactly one sound. If a listener hears the wrong one, the problem is the contrast, not the effort.

Transfer

If your first language is…

Nothing here is about ability. Every one of these is a sound system doing exactly what it was built to do, applied to a language that asks for something else.

  • HindiUrdu

    Hindi and Urdu produce a long u plus a tapped r, so 'sure' separates into two pieces.

  • Mandarin

    Mandarin has no vowel plus r ending of this kind, so the glide is usually replaced by a plain u.

  • Japanese

    Japanese has no centring diphthong, so 'pure' gains a tap and an extra vowel.

  • Korean

    Korean has no centring diphthong, so the two halves separate.

  • Vietnamese

    Vietnamese has a ua diphthong close to this one, so it transfers reasonably well.

  • Spanish

    Spanish has no centring diphthong, so 'tour' becomes a tense u plus a tapped r.

  • French

    French has no centring diphthong, and its back-of-throat r takes over the ending.

  • German

    German turns a final r into a schwa-like vowel, so this diphthong transfers relatively well.

  • Italian

    Italian has no centring diphthong and a trilled r, so the ending is very audible.

  • Russian

    Russian has no centring diphthong and a trilled r, so the ending separates.

  • Arabic

    Arabic has no centring diphthong, so a long u plus a tapped r substitutes.

  • Turkish

    Turkish has no diphthongs, so 'cure' becomes a vowel plus a tap.

Questions

Straight answers

Is /ʊə/ voiced or voiceless?

It is voiced. Put a hand on your throat and say it: you should feel a buzz the whole time. All English vowels are voiced, so the question only really separates the consonants.

Why does no English word start with /ʊə/?

English simply does not allow it in that position — the sound only appears in the middle or at the end of a word, as in rural, during, curious, sure. That is a rule about English syllables, not about the sound itself; other languages do start words with it.

How is /ʊə/ spelled in English?

It is written "ure", "our", "oor", "ur", "ue". English spelling and English sound came apart centuries ago, so the same sound turns up under several spellings and the same spelling carries several sounds — which is why the sound, not the letter, is the thing to learn.

Why do Hindi & Urdu speakers find /ʊə/ hard?

Hindi and Urdu produce a long u plus a tapped r, so 'sure' separates into two pieces.

Practise this word

Record the URE sound and see if it landed

sayit lines up every sound you made against the sound you meant, in IPA, and marks the ones a listener would miss. Free, private, in your browser.